Embracing new citizens: the education of D/deaf pupils in the Late Ottoman Empire

This translation project presents an English-to-Arabic translation of Embracing New Citizens: The Education of D/deaf Pupils in the Late Ottoman Empire by Maria Pia Ester Cristaldi. The work examines the development of educational opportunities for deaf students during the late Ottoman period, highlighting how educational reforms contributed to their social inclusion and participation in public life. Drawing on historical documents, archival records, and educational policies, the translated text explores the relationship between disability, education, and modernization within the Ottoman Empire. The project applies Eugene Nida’s Dynamic Equivalence theory to ensure that the historical, cultural, and academic meanings of the source text are effectively conveyed to Arabic readers while maintaining clarity and accessibility.